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Henrique Mitchell de Paiva Couceiro (1861-1944), became known in Portuguese history for his military career in the campaigns to occupy Moçambique in the years following the English ultimatum and his attempt to overthrow the new Republic by leading two military incursions into Portuguese territory from Spain. He was military governor of Angola from 1907 to 1909. His devotion to the monarchist cause earned him several periods in exile both before and after the coming of the dictatorial New State of Antonio Salazar. In exile he became the caudillo of the emigrated royalists, who with the discreet complacency of the government of Alfonso XIII, in Madrid, armed themselves and concentrated in Galicia, just across the border from Chaves (see royalist attack on Chaves).
