Extended finite state machine

In a conventional finite state machine, the transition is associated with a set of input Boolean conditions and a set of output Boolean functions. In an extended finite state machine (EFSM) model, the transition can be expressed by an “if statement” consisting of a set if trigger conditions are all satisfied, the transition is fired , bringing the machine from the current state to the next state and performing the specified data operations.^[1]

Definition

An EFSM is defined^[2] as a 7-tuple <math>M=(I,O,S,D,F,U,T)</math> where

• S is a set of symbolic states,
• I is a set of input symbols,
• O is a set of output symbols,
• D is an n-dimensional linear space <math>D_1 \times \ldots \times D_n</math>,
• F is a set of enabling functions <math>f_i : D \rightarrow \{0,1\}</math>,
• U is a set of update functions <math>u_i : D \rightarrow D</math>,
• T is a transition relation, <math>T : S \times D \times I \rightarrow S \times D \times O</math>

Structure

EFSM Architecture: An EFSM model consists of three major combinational blocks and a few registers. FSM-block: A conventional finite state machine that realizes the state transition graphs of the EFSM model. A-block: an arithmetic block for performing the data operation associated with each transition. The operation of this block is regulated by the output signals of the FSM block. E-block: A block of evaluating the trigger conditions associated with each transition. The input signals of this block are the data variables, while the output is a set of binary signals taken as the inputs by the FSM-block. The information of redundant computation is extracted by analyzing the interactions among the three basic blocks. Using this information, certain input operands of the arithmetic block and evaluation block can be frozen through input gating under specific run time conditions to reduce the unnecessary switching in the design. At the architecture level, if each trigger evaluation & data operation is regarded as an atomic action, then the EFSM implies an almost lowest-power implementation. The cycle behavior of an EFSM can be divided into three steps:

1. In E-block, evaluate all trigger conditions.
2. In FSM-block, compute the next state & the signals controlling A-block.
3. In A-block, perform the necessary data operations & data movements.

See also

Abstract state machine

References

1. ^ Computer Programming Software Terms, Glossary and Dictionary - EFSM: Extended Finite State Machine Model (Web). Network Dictionary.com. Retrieved on 2006-12-13.
2. ^ Cheng, K-T; Krishnakumar, A.S. (1993). "Automatic Functional Test Generation Using The Extended Finite State Machine Model". International Design Automation Conference (DAC): 86-91, ACM.