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Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza

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— House of Braganza —
Portuguese Royal Family

HRH The Duke of Braganza HRH The Duchess of Braganza HRH The Prince of Beira HH The Infanta Maria Francisca HH The Duke of Porto HH The Duke of Viseu HH The Duke of Coimbra HH Infanta Maria Adelaide
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Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza (Duarte Pio João Miguel Gabriel Rafael de Bragança; born May 15 1945, Berne), pronounced [duˈaɾtɨ]), is the 24th Duke of Braganza (Portuguese Duque de Bragança) and the pretender to the throne of Portugal.

1 Birth and education
2 Military service
3 Succession
4 Campaigner for East Timor
5 Marriage and family
6 Full title
7 Ancestors
- 7.1 Patrilineal descent
8 References
9 External links
10 Further reading

Birth and education

Duarte Pio João Miguel Gabriel Rafael de Bragança was born in Berne, Switzerland, the eldest son of Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza and his wife Maria Francisca de Orleans e Bragança, princess of Brazil. At the time of his birth Duarte's family was banned from entering Portugal by the laws of exile of December 19 1834 and October 15 1910. Although Portugal had been a republic since 1910, Duarte's parents sought to assure the child's eventual rights of succession to the Portuguese throne, which required Portuguese nationality, by arranging for his birth to take place in the Portuguese embassy in Berne. A fringe of Portuguese monarchists dispute these rights of succession. Duarte's godparents were Pope Pius XII and Queen Amélie of Portugal, the mother of Manuel II, the last reigning king of Portugal. On May 27 1950 the National Assembly repealed the laws of exile of December 19 1834 and October 15 1910. In 1951 Duarte visited Portugal for the first time accompanied by his aunt the Infanta Filippa. In 1952 he moved to Portugal permanently with his parents and brothers. From 1957 to 1959 Duarte was enrolled in the Colégio Nuno Álvares in Santo Tirso. In 1960 he entered the Military College in Lisbon. He attended the Instituto Superior de Agronomia (now part of the Technical University of Lisbon) where he received a degree in agricultural sciences. Later he attended the Graduate Institute of Development Studies of the University of Geneva.

Military service

From 1968 to 1971 Duarte fulfilled his obligations as a Portuguese citizen by doing his military service as required by law. As part of his military service Duarte Pio was required to swear an oath of fidelity to the Portuguese republic. He was criticized for this by some monarchists, a few of whom even claimed that he had thereby lost his rights of succession. Duarte held the rank of sub-lieutenant (alferes). He worked as a helicopter pilot in the Portuguese Air Force in Angola which at the time was embroiled in the Portuguese Colonial War. In 1972 he participated with a multi-ethnic Angolan group in the organization of an independent list of candidates to the National Assembly. This resulted in his expulsion from Angola by order of the Prime Minister Marcelo Caetano. Afterwards, Duarte continued his contacts with various leaders in the Portuguese speaking countries.

Succession

Pretender Duarte

Born	May 15 1945 (1945-05-15) (age 62) In the Portuguese Embassy at Berne, Switzerland
Regnal name claimed	none
Title(s)	Duke of Braganza, of Guimarães and of Barcelos, Marquess of Vila Viçosa, Count of Arraiolos, of Ourém, of Barcelos, of Faria, of Neiva and of Guimarães
Throne(s) claimed	Portugal
Pretend from	December 24, 1976 - present
Monarchy abolished	1910
Last monarch	Manuel II
Connection with	third cousin once removed
Royal House	House of Bragança
Father	Duarte Nuno
Mother	Maria Francisca de Orleans e Bragança
Spouse	Isabel de Herédia
Children	Afonso, Maria Francisca, Dinis

On December 24 1976 Duarte's father Duarte Nuno died; Duarte succeeded as claimant to the Portuguese throne. Henceforth he has used the title Duke of Braganza. There are several regional non-partisan monarchical associations ("Reais Associações") which support Duarte.^[1] A small fringe of Portuguese monarchists do not recognise Duarte as claimant to the throne and as Duke of Braganza. The dispute dates back to 1828 when Duarte's great-grandfather Miguel I proclaimed himself king of Portugal. Miguel I was eventually exiled by his niece Queen Maria II. According to the law of banishment of 1834 and the Constitution of 1838, Miguel I and all his descendants were forever excluded from the succession to the throne. In 1842, the Constitutional Charter of 1826 was re-instated, and this constitution (which was in place until 1910 when the monarchy was overthrown) had no bar to the succession by members of Miguel's family. Duarte is the closest male-line relative to Manuel II, the last king of Portugal. There are closer female-line relatives (who according to the Constitutional Charter of 1826 have succession rights), but none of these has Portuguese nationality (which was required by the Constitutional Charter for succession to the throne); none of these female-line relatives makes any active claim to the throne . In 1912 and 1922 Duarte's grandfather Miguel was reconciled with Manuel II, but this reconciliation was not accepted by all of their adherents. There are several monarchist organizations in Portugal which maintain that only the Cortes or the National Assembly could legally determine the rightful claimant if ever Portugal decided to restore the monarchy. One monarchist group in Portugal that did support D. Miguel (II) instead of the deposed D. Manuel II was the Integralismo Lusitano. There is only one monarchist political party in Portugal, the People's Monarchist Party (Partido Popular Monárquico). It does not have the support of Duarte Pio, nor does it support him. ^[2] In May 2006, the Portuguese Ministry of Foreign Affairs issued a statement acknowledging Duarte's use of the title Duke of Braganza.^[3] In response to this statement, on July 5, 2006 Nuno da Câmara Pereira, a member of the Portuguese parliament and the leader of the People's Monarchist Party addressed an official enquiry to the President of the Assembly of the Republic asking two questions:^[4]

Does the Portuguese State recognise or recognise officially Mr. Duarte Pio de Bragança as pretender to the throne of Portugal?
Does the Portuguese Republic recognise or can it recognise officially Mr Duarte Pio de Bragança as Duke of Bragança?

On July 11, 2006 the Ministry of Parliamentary Affairs gave an official response in which it stated that the Portuguese constitution guarantees the republican form of government; the response did not specifically address Duarte's use of the title Duke of Braganza.

Campaigner for East Timor

Duarte was a major campaigner for the independence of East Timor, a former Portuguese colony which was forcibly occupied by Indonesia in 1975. Even before the political leaders of the world considered Timor an issue, Duarte organized several national and international campaigns on behalf of East Timor. These included "Timor 87 Vamos Ajudar" and "Lusitânia Expresso" in 1992. In 1997 Duarte suggested to the Indonesian Vice-President Jusuf Habibie that there be a referendum on the independence of East Timor. In 1999, after Habibi became president of Indonesia, a referendum resulted in East Timor's independence.

Marriage and family

On May 13 1995, Duarte married Isabel de Herédia, a Portuguese businesswoman. This was the first marriage of a member of the Portuguese royal family to take place in Portugal since the marriage of King Luís I in 1862. The ceremony was celebrated in the Monastery of Jerónimos in Lisbon and presided over by Cardinal António Ribeiro, Patriarch of Lisbon. It was attended by the principal Portuguese political figures, including the President of the Republic Mário Soares, the President of the Assembly of the Republic, and the Prime Minister Aníbal Cavaco Silva. Also present were representatives of most European royal houses. Duarte and Isabel have three children:

HRH Infante Afonso, Prince of Beira, Duke of Barcelos (born March 25 1996)
HRH Infanta Maria Francisca (born March 3 1997)
HRH Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto (born November 25 1999)

The marriage of Duarte and Isabel and the birth of their first son were occasions of widespread news media attention in Portugal.

Full title

His Royal Highness, the Most Serene Lord, Duke of Braganza, of Guimarães and of Barcelos, Marquess of Vila Viçosa, Count of Arraiolos, of Ourém, of Barcelos, of Faria, of Neiva and of Guimarães, Sovereign of the Royal Order of Saint Isabel, Grand Master of the Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa and Grand Master by Birth of the Order of Saint Michael of the Wing and Judge of the Royal Brotherhood of Saint Michael of the Wing.

Ancestors

**Duarte's ancestors in three generations**
Duarte, Duke of Braganza	Father: Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza	Father's father: Miguel II, Duke of Braganza	Father's father's father: Miguel of Portugal
			Father's father's mother: Adelheid of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg
		Father's mother: Princess Maria Theresa of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort	Father's mother's father: Charles Henry, Prince of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rochefort
			Father's mother's mother: Princess Sophia of Liechtenstein
	Mother: Princess Maria Francisca of Orléans-Braganza	Mother's father: Pedro, Prince of Grão-Pará	Mother's father's father: Gaston, comte d'Eu
			Mother's father's mother: Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
		Mother's mother: Elisabeth, Countess Dobrzensky of Dobrzenicz	Mother's mother's father: John Vaclav II, Count Dobrzensky
			Mother's mother's mother: Elisabeth Josepha of Kottulinsky

Patrilineal descent

Duarte is a member of the House of Braganza, a sub-branch of the House of Aviz, descended from the House of Burgundy, itself a branch of the House of Capet and of the Robertians. Duarte's patriline is the line from which he is descended father to son. It follows the Dukes of Braganza, the Kings of Portugal and before them, the Kings of France. The line can be traced back more than 1,200 years.

Merovech, 415 - 458
Childeric I, 437 - 481
Clovis I, 466 - 511
(POSSIBLY) Chlothar I, 497 - 561
Charibert of Neustria, 555 - 636
Chrodobertus I of Neustria, 580 - 630
Lambert I of Neustria, 605 - 650
Chrodobertus II of Neustria, 633 - 678
Lambert II, Count of Neustria, 678 - 741
Robert I of Worms, d. 764
Thuringbert of Worms
Robert II of Worms, 770 - 807
Robert of Worms, 808 - 834
Robert the Strong, 820 - 866
Robert I of France, 866 - 923
Hugh the Great, 895 - 956
Hugh Capet, 941 - 996
Robert II of France, 972 - 1031
Robert I, Duke of Burgundy, 1011 - 1076
Henry of Burgundy, 1035 - c. 1071
Henry, Count of Portugal, 1066 - 1112
Afonso I of Portugal, 1109 - 1185
Sancho I of Portugal, 1154 - 1212
Afonso II of Portugal, 1185 - 1212
Afonso III of Portugal, 1210 - 1279
Denis of Portugal, 1261 - 1325
Afonso IV of Portugal, 1291 - 1357
Peter I of Portugal, 1320 - 1367
John I of Portugal, 1357 - 1433
Afonso I, Duke of Braganza, 1377 - 1461
Ferdinand I, Duke of Braganza, 1403 - 1478
Ferdinand II, Duke of Braganza, 1430 - 1483
James, Duke of Braganza, 1479 - 1532
Theodosius I, Duke of Braganza, 1510 - 1563
John I, Duke of Braganza, 1543 - 1583
Theodosius II, Duke of Braganza, 1568 - 1630
John IV of Portugal, 1604 - 1656
Peter II of Portugal, 1648 - 1706
John V of Portugal, 1689 - 1750
Peter III of Portugal, 1717 - 1786
John VI of Portugal, 1767 - 1826
Miguel of Portugal, 1802 - 1866
Miguel II, Duke of Braganza, 1853 - 1927
Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza, 1907 - 1976
Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, 1945-

The descent before Robert of Worms is taken from [3] and may be partially fabricated.

References

^ http://www.casareal.co.pt/links/portugal/index.php
^ "Linha Dinástica de D. Duarte de Bragança Foi Banida", A Tribuna de Loures, 2006/09/04 [1]
^ http://genealogia.netopia.pt/forum/msg.php?id=153873#lista
^ Sucessão Dinástica/Reconhecimento do legítimo herdeiro ao trono de Portugal [2]

External links

Casa Real Portuguesa Official website of the Royal House of Braganza
Fundação da Casa de Bragança Website of the Foundation of the House of Braganza.