Chocolate pudding is a class of dessert with chocolate flavors. There are two main types: a boiled then chilled, texturally a custard set with starch, version commonly eaten in the U.S., Canada, and East and South East Asia; and a steamed/baked, texturally similar to cake, version that is popular in the UK, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand.
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Chocolate pudding (North American and Asian version)
The US/Canada and Asian version is one of the most common varieties of sweet or dessert pudding served in these countries. It is usually eaten as a snack or dessert. It is also used as a filling for chocolate pie. Historically, it is a variation on chocolate custard, with starch used as thickener rather than eggs. Early versions of the dish using both egg and flour can be found in the 1918 edition of Fannie Farmer's Boston Cooking School Cook Book and in the 1903 edition of Mary Harris Frazer's Kentucky Receipt Book. In the late 19th and early 20th century, chocolate pudding was thought of as an appropriate food for invalids or children as well as a dessert. It was not considered a health food in the modern sense of the term, but as a wholesome, high-calorie food for those with poor appetites due to ill-health. General Foods (Jell-O) introduced chocolate pudding mix in 1934 as "Walter Baker's Dessert". It was renamed "Jell-O Chocolate Pudding" in 1936. Modern chocolate pudding is usually made with milk and sugar, flavored with chocolate and vanilla and thickened with a starch such as flour or cornstarch. Occasionally, eggs are still used when making chocolate pudding. Usually it is cooked together on the stovetop, but other methods exist including steaming, baking (sometimes in a bain-marie) or freezing (using gelatin as a thickener). Sometimes white chocolate pudding is made. Chocolate pudding is commonly purchased ready-made in stores, popular brands include Jell-O Pudding by the Kraft Foods Corporation and Snack Pack (pudding) by Hunt's.
Chocolate pudding (British Isles and Australasian version)
In Britain, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand, chocolate pudding is similar in preparation to the Farmer and Frazer versions in early 20th century United States. It is a steamed dessert which consists of flour, baking powder, sugar, whole eggs, vanilla essence, and cocoa powder or chocolate mixed together to make a batter and steamed or baked similar to Christmas pudding. Texturally it is similar to chocolate cake, but denser courtesy of being steamed or baked with boiling water poured over the pudding batter. Many people make their own chocolate puddings at home, but commercially produced frozen or refrigerated versions are commonly available in supermarkets. In Australia and New Zealand, Sara Lee or Aunt Betty's are popular brands of commercial chocolate puddings.
See also
References
- Culinary Arts Institute Encyclopedic Cookbook, Ruth Berolzheimer, ed. (1988).
- Larousse Gastronomique, by Prosper Montangné (1961).
- Food Timeline-- history notes: puddings.
- The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book by Fannie Merritt Farmer. "Steamed Chocolate Pudding" (1918). (http://www.bartleby.com/87/r1195.html).
- Kentucky Receipt Book by Mary Harris Frazer. (1903). (http://www.oldlouisville.com/Recipes/Puddings/chocolatepudding.htm)
- A History of Jell-O Brand 1930-1940.
- 1939 Jell-O Pudding advertisement.
- BBC recipe of Chocolate self-saucing pudding - a good example of the British and Australasian version of chocolate pudding
- Aunt Betty's Chocolate Fudge Pudding. A commercial example of the British version on sale in New Zealand
