| .45 G.A.P | ||
|---|---|---|
 Side-by-side comparison to other cartridges. From left: 9 mm Luger, 7.62 mm Tokarev, .357 SIG, 10 mm Auto, .40 S&W, .45 GAP, .50 Action Express |
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| Type | Pistol | |
| Place of origin | Austria | |
| Service history | ||
| In service | 2003 - present | |
| Production history | ||
| Designer | Ernest Durham | |
| Designed | November 2002 | |
| Manufacturer | CCI/Speer | |
| Produced | 2003 - present | |
| Specifications | ||
| Case type | Rimless, straight | |
| Bullet diameter | .451 in (11.5 mm) | |
| Case length | .755 in (19.2 mm) | |
| Overall length | 1.070 in (27.2 mm) | |
| Ballistic performance | ||
| Bullet weight/type | Velocity | Energy |
| 185 gr (12.0 g) GDHP | 1,020 ft/s (310 m/s) | 427 ft·lbf (579 J) |
| 200 gr (13 g) GDHP | 950 ft/s (290 m/s) | 401 ft·lbf (544 J) |
| Test barrel length: 4 in. / 102 mm Source: Speer Bullets .45 G.A.P. |
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The .45 G.A.P. pistol cartridge was designed by Ernest Durham, an engineer with CCI/Speer, at the request of firearms manufacturer Glock to provide a cartridge that would equal the power of the .45 ACP but was shorter to fit in a more compact handgun. G.A.P. is an acronym for "Glock Automatic Pistol", and the .45 G.A.P. is the first commercially-introduced cartridge identified with Glock.
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Development
The concept of a shorter .45 ACP round is not new; previously there was the .45 H.P., no longer in production. But the .45 G.A.P. had the backing of a major firearms manufacturer, which greatly increased its chances for success given Glock pistols' extraordinary popularity. The .45 G.A.P. is based on the .45 ACP pistol cartridge, but is shorter – slightly shorter than the overall length of the 9 mm Luger or .40 S&W – and uses a small-pistol primer like the 9 mm Luger instead of a large-pistol primer like the .45 ACP. The .45 G.A.P. operates at a higher pressure than the .45 ACP (the same as .45 ACP +P) to make up for the smaller chamber volume. The .45 G.A.P. produces ballistics equal to the standard .45 ACP loadings but in a shorter cartridge. It was first believed that the traditional .45 ACP loading of a 230-grain bullet at 830 ft/s would not be possible in the .45 G.A.P., but careful gunpowder selection on the part of ammunition manufacturers has achieved that standard. The .45 G.A.P. cartridge was conceived by Glock to be used in the medium frame sized Glock 37 pistol. The lighter .45 caliber bullets produce less recoil than the .45 ACP 230 grain (14.9 g) loadings, but they still retain many of the terminal ballistics advantages of the larger, heavier (compared to smaller caliber bullets) .45 caliber bullets. Since nearly all semi-automatic pistols store cartridges in the grip frame, the smaller overall length allows a smaller grip diameter which means that even a double-column pistol can have a grip that is easily handled by most adults.
Initial market response to the .45 G.A.P. cartridge
Gun Tests Magazine ran an article in the February 2005 issue comparing five commercial loadings of .45 G.A.P. ammunition when fired through the Glock 37 polymer-framed pistol.[1] All of the brands failed to meet the desired 2-inch (51 mm) accuracy at 50 feet (15 m); the groups ranged from 2.5 to 3.5 inches (64 to 89 mm). 4 of the 5 loads generated velocities on par with the .45 ACP +P, and these loads were considered uncontrollable by the testers, as the recoil generated was extreme for the weight of the pistols chambering the round. The one remaining load, firing a 185-grain (12 g) bullet at an average velocity of about 950 ft/s (290 m/s), was considered to be at the upper limit of controllability. They theorize that the potency of the .45 G.A.P. is an attempt to avoid derogatory comparisons between the .45 ACP and the .45 G.A.P., as was experienced when the .40 S&W was introduced as a lower recoil substitute for the 10 mm Auto.
Current market response
After extensive testing four state law enforcement agencies have decided to adopt the .45 G.A.P. as a replacement to their current issue 9x19mm's (NY) or .40 caliber weapons (GA, PA, SC). The New York State Police, Georgia State Patrol, Pennsylvania State Police, and South Carolina Highway Patrol have all adopted the Glock Model 37 and .45 G.A.P. Due to its acceptance by law enforcement and the popularity of subcompact handguns for concealed carry, more manufacturers have decided to produce pistols chambered in .45 G.A.P. As of 2007, Para-Ordnance and Springfield Armory are offering their micro-1911 series in .45 G.A.P. Springfield Armory is also offering its xD line in .45 G.A.P.
See also
References
- ^ Gun Tests Magazine, February 2005
