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Tolerance

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Tolerance Summary

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Dictionary of Biological Psychology

tolerance

The central feature of tolerance, in the context of biological psychology, is the reduced reaction a DRUG produces following its repeated administration. Tolerance can be seen to have developed when the original effect of the drug can only be achieved using larger (and progressively larger) doses. With ABSTINENCE though, tolerance will decline. A single drug may have more than one psychological or behavioural effect: tolerance may develop to one of these but not the other. The BENZODIAZEPINE drug, CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE, is both a SEDATIVE and ANXIOLYTIC.

The sedative effect shows tolerance, while the anxiolytic effect does not, a property of considerable therapeutic value. The opposite of tolerance is SENSITIZATION (or REVERSE TOLERANCE). There are many different types of tolerance (see BEHAVIOURAL TOLERANCE; CELLULAR TOLERANCE; CONTINGENT TOLERANCE; DRUG DISPOSITION TOLERANCE; METABOLIC TOLERANCE; PHARMACODYNAMIC TOLERANCE) and different types of drugs can show different types of tolerance. MORPHINE for example shows both cellular and drug-disposition tolerance, while AMPHETAMINE shows cellular but not drug disposition tolerance.

See also: overdose

Reference

Feldman R., Meyer J.S. & Quenzer L.F. (1997) Principles of Neuropsychopharmacology, Sinauer Associates: Sunderland MA.

This is the complete article, containing 179 words (approx. 1 page at 300 words per page).

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Tolerance from Dictionary of Biological Psychology. ISBN: 0-203-29884-5. Published: 02-22-2001. ©2009 Taylor and Francis. All rights reserved.



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