(d. 1279). A former master in the University of Paris, Étienne Tempier became bishop of Paris and then, in 1270 and 1277, issued two condemnations of philosophical errors in the teachings of Parisian masters.
The first condemnation, December 10, 1270, specified thirteen philosophical errors identified with the teachings of the so-called Latin Averroists, led by Siger de Brabant, and included such ideas as the oneness of the intellect, the eternity of the world, the mortality of the individual human soul. On March 7, 1277—the third anniversary of the death of Thomas Aquinas—Tempier condemned a list of 219 propositions and declared excommunicated those who held or defended them. This list, hastily compiled and unsystematic in presentation, was composed mostly of Averroist positions but included propositions drawn from Aquinas. Influenced by Franciscan masters and theologians of an Augustinian orientation, this condemnation hastened the separation of philosophical inquiry and theological reflection in the university faculties.
Leff, Gordon. Paris and Oxford Universities in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: An Institutional and Intellectual History. New York: Wiley, 1968.
This is the complete article, containing 194 words
(approx. 1 page at 300 words per page).
