Dictionary of Biological Psychology
When bilateral injury or disease occurs to the medial aspect of the TEMPORAL LOBE of the brain, an AMNESIC SYNDROME results. The syndrome includes the loss of FACT MEMORY and EVENT MEMORY from the period prior to the onset of amnesia, usually in a temporally graded fashion, such that recently acquired information is more affected than remote information (see ANTEROGRADE AMNESIA and RETROGRADE AMNESIA).
In addition, amnesia involves a loss of new learning ability for both facts and events. The amnesia affects DECLARATIVE MEMORY but leaves intact the capacity for a variety of non declarative, implicit forms of memory. The critical structures include the HIPPOCAMPAL FORMATION, including the entorhinal cortex, and the adjacent, anatomically related PERIRHINAL CORTEX and PARAHIPPOCAMPAL CORTEX, which are part of the PARAHIPPOCAMPAL GYRUS.
LARRY R.SQUIRE
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