Routledge Dictionary of Language and Linguistics
Baltic language with about 5 million speakers in Lithuania. Religious literature has existed since the sixteenth century; a comprehensive secular literature since the nineteenth century. Latin alphabet with diacritics, including ‹ė›, 
, 
. Movable accent. Long and short vowels with distinctive intonations. Complex morphology. Distinction between [±definite] with attributive adjectives. As in Latvian, inflectional future tense. In some dialects, dual forms with nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and verbs.
References
Dambriūnas, L., A.Klimas, and W.R.Schmalstieg. 1980. Introduction to modern Lithuanian, 3rd edn. Brooklyn, NY.
Schmalstieg, W.R. 1988. A Lithuanian historical syntax. Columbus, OH.
Grammars
Lietuvių kalbos gramatika. 1965–76. 3 vols. Vilnius.
Tekorienė, D.
1990. Lithuanian basic grammar and conversation. Kaunas.
Dictionaries
Dabartinės kalbos Lietuvių žodynas. 1993. Vilnius.
Kurschat, A. 1968–73. Litauisch-deutsches Wörterbuch. 2 vols. Göttingen.
Lietuvių kalbos žodynas. 1968–. Vol. 15, 1991. Vilnius.
Piesarkas, B. and B.Svecevicius. 1995. Lithuanian dictionary. London.
Robinson, D.F. 1976. Lithuanian reverse dictionary. Columbus, OH.
Etymological dictionary
Fraenkel, E. 1962–5. Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 2 vols. Heidelberg.
Bibliography
Lietuvos TSR bibliografija. 1969–. 3 vols. Vilnius.
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