Dictionary of Biological Psychology
The three principal components of the AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM are the parasympathetic, sympathetic and enteric divisions. The enteric nervous system innervates the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, PANCREAS and gall bladder.
Sensory neurons located in these tissues detect muscular and chemical changes and motor neurons are then able to change gut muscular activity, local blood flow and secretory systems. Parasympathetic and sympathetic systems provide external regulation, but the enteric nervous system can function more or less independently and has a critical role in control of gastrointestinal function.
Reference
Kandel E.R., Schwartz J.H. & Jessell T.M. (2000) Principles of Neural Science, McGraw-Hill: New York.
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