Dictionary of Biological Psychology
Dendrites are processes of a NEURON whose function is to receive inputs, usually via synapses. After emerging from the SOMA, dendrites taper gradually while dividing into secondary and higher-order branches.
The pattern of dendritic branching is unique to each cell population. Dendrites near the soma are called PROXIMAL, while those away from it are called DISTAL. Dendrites often bear protrusions called DENDRITIC SPINES, and certain neurons such as striatal MEDIUM SPINY NEURONS and PURKINJE CELLS have numerous dendritic spines. Although dendrites do not usually release neurotransmitters, certain neurons are known to release neurotransmitters from their dendrites.
See also: axon; synapse
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