(ca. 1376–1444). Late-medieval painter whose career is shrouded in mystery because of limited archival information and few attributed works. He is known principally for his famous pupil Rogier van der Weyden. Campin’s reputation in Tournai as a master is substantiated by the positions he held: subdeacon of the goldsmith’s guild, head of the painter’s guild, and one of the stewards to the city in charge of finances and accounts. Tournai’s relationship with the Burgundian court ultimately affected Campin’s production. In one of his earlier works, the Entombment Triptych (1415–20), Campin displays a knowledge of the italianate painters of the court, such as Malouel and Bellechose, in his use of gold background and treatment of the angels. Court patronage, however, did not provide the artists of Tournai with a steady source of income.
Instead, they belonged to guilds and served the city and local clients. Campin’s most famous work and the one that epitomizes his style is the Merode Altrarpiece (ca. 1425), now at the Cloisters in New York. Commissioned by the Ingebrecht family, who appear at the left of the panel, the triptych demonstrates Campin’s skill with disguised symbolism. The composition teems with mundane objects that acquire meaning in the presence of the divine. Sadly, Campin’s career suffered greatly in the 1430s, when the pro-Burgundian faction in Tournai snatched power away from the guilds. In the midst of the conflict, Campin was arrested and, though he was eventually set free, his career never recovered.
