A Dictionary of Philosophy, Third Edition
. 1846–1924. Born in Clapham (London), he worked in Oxford, and is usually considered the main British objective IDEALIST. He developed a MONISTIC system whereby the Absolute is the only subject of predicates, and the only fully true proposition would be one completely describing it. No other propositions can be more than partly true. He argued that relations were always internal to their terms (an argument MOORE criticized)—though he also thought that they were illusory. He criticized the psychologism of empiricists like MILL in their use of terms like ‘IDEA’.
His logic is now particularly known for his views on negation, and his ethics for the anti-utilitarian stance of his essay on ‘My Station and its Duties’. Ethical Studies, 1876 (contains ‘My Station…’). Logic, 1883 (2nd edn, revised especially on negation, 1922),. Appearance and Reality, 1893. Essays on Truth and Reality, 1914. See also HEGEL, NATURALISM, OUGHT, UNIVERSALS.
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