A Dictionary of Philosophy, Third Edition
. 1561–1626. Philosopher, essayist and politician, he was born and lived in London, was created Lord Verulam and Viscount St Albans, and appointed Lord Chancellor. His main philosophical work lay in philosophy of science, where he tried to replace what he saw as the a priorism of the Aristotelian tradition by a new and thoroughgoing empiricism.
His political writings rely heavily on the scientific optimism which he thought this method justified. Essays, 1597, expanded later. The Proficience and Advancement of Learning, 1605 (later revised as De Dignitate et Augmentis Scientiarum 1623), Novum Organum, 1620 (the title contrasts with ARISTOTLE’S Organon, This and the De Dignitate et Augmentis form part of the projected Instauratio Magna.) New Atlantis, 1627 (a scientific Utopia.) See also MILL.
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