One of the questions most intriguing to the philosopher is the question "What is philosophy?" Perhaps no other discipline has quite so much difficulty explaining what it is about, and in no other discipline is the question of what it is...

Philosophy Defining philosophy is itself a philosophical problem. Perhaps a great many philosophers would agree that whatever else philosophy is, it is the critical, normally systematic study of an unlimited range of ideas and issues. But this...

. As the Roman Empire was crumbling in Gaul, so too was the classical tradition of both pagan and Christian Greek and Latin learning. The age of the Latin fathers ended effectively with the death of Augustine of Hippo in North Africa in 430, and the...

The canonical texts in Western philosophy have been written by men and have inscribed male experiences and perspectives into that philosophy. Clack’s Misogyny in the Western Philosophical Tradition offers selections from the writings of major...

Philosophy of Judaism entails the systematization of beliefs into an abstract structure of thought. As an important phase in the history of Judaism, philosophical thinking about Scripture and tradition began in response to the advent of Islamic...

Critical examination of the rational grounds of our most fundamental beliefs and logical analysis of the basic concepts employed in the expression of such beliefs. Philosophy may also be defined as reflection on the varieties of human experience, or as...

It dishonors a philosopher to be disheartened. (Roman) Keep quiet and people will think you a philosopher. (Roman) Many talk like philosophers and live like fools. (English) Philosophy as well as foppery often changes fashion. (Poor Richard) Philosophy...

Throughout history Jewish philosophers have tried to explain the Jewish faith in the light of current philosophical understanding. *Philo of Alexandria was influenced by stoicism and neo-Platonism; medieval philosophers such as *Maimonides and *Saadyan...

Fakhry, M. (1998) A Short Introduction to Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Mysticism, Oxford: OneWorld ——(2004) A History of Islamic philosophy, 3rd edn, New York: Columbia University Press Hourani, G. (1985) Reason and Tradition in Islamic...

and philosophizing are almost inseparable from Hindu religious thought and outlook so that it is hardly possible to envisage traditional Indian philosophy as an independent subject uninvolved in religious teachings aiming at salvation, except in its...

The study of knowledge, ideas, values and the logical structure of language and speech. Prior to the twentieth century, it was sometimes regarded as the supreme form of...

Philosophy is the discipline concerned with questions of how one should live (ethics); what sorts of things exist and what are their essential natures (metaphysics); what counts as genuine knowledge (epistemology); and what are the correct principles of...