Materialism Materialism is the name given to a family of doctrines concerning the nature of the world that give to matter a primary position and accord to mind (or spirit) a secondary, dependent reality or even none at all. Extreme materialism asserts...

Physicotheology "Physicotheology" is the aspect of natural theology that seeks to prove the existence and attributes of God from the evidence of purpose and design in the physical universe. The argument is very ancient, but it is from the...

Materialism posits the epistemological primacy of matter over ideas, mind, values, spirit, and other incorporeal phenomena. Philosophical perspectives stressing the fundamental importance of physical conditions and needs have grown more elaborate with...

MATERIALISM. As a philosophical doctrine, materialism can be given a deceptively simple definition: the view that matter is all there is. The simplicity is deceptive because, of course, the term matter can itself be understood in so many different...

in philosophy, the view that all facts (including facts about the human mind and will and the course of human history) are causally dependent upon physical processes, or even reducible to them. The word Materialism has been used in modern times to...

Materialism is a term with both metaphysical and social meanings. As a metaphysical position materialism regards matter (Latin materia) as the primary or most real substance. In modern times materialism also has taken practical forms. Because science...

However it may be used, the term ‘environment’ refers both to things and to relations (between humans and biophysical factors). Everything which merits the term ‘anthropology’ must in some sense also be environmental...

. Usually the view that everything, or everything in a certain sphere, is made of matter: only matter exists, and mind, spirit, etc. are either illusory (eliminative materialism) or (a commoner view) can be somehow reduced to matter (reductive...

According to the philosophical or sociological doctrine of materialism only the material, or physical, world need be or can be used in the explanation of social processes and institutions. Most commonly associated with theories of Marxism (though by no...

In metaphysics, the doctrine that all of reality is essentially of the nature of matter. In the philosophy of mind, one form of materialism, sometimes called central-state materialism, asserts that states of the mind are identical to states of the...

(cca 500 B.C.) a nāstika and lokāyata, i.e. an antireligious and materialist philosopher who believed that everything was just a combination of the four material elements (earth, water, air, fire), and that individual beings ceased to exist...

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In philosophy, materialism is a form of physicalism which holds that the only thing that can be truly proven to exist is matter. Fundamentally, all things are composed of material and all phenomena are the result of material interactions; therefore,...