Living organisms are divided into two broad categories based upon certain attributes of cell structure. The first category, the prokaryotes, includes bacteria and blue-green algae. Eukaryotes include most other living organisms. One of the most...

Chromosomal aberrations are abnormalities in the structure or number of chromosomes and are often responsible for genetic disorders. For more than a century, scientists have been fascinated by the study of human chromosomes. It was not until 1956,...

Chromosome abnormalities describe alterations in the normal number of chromosomes or structural problems within the chromosomes themselves. Both kinds of chromosome abnormalities may result from an egg or sperm with the incorrect number of chromosomes,...

The bacterial or prokaryotic chromosome differs in many ways from that of the eukaryote. The term "eukaryote" comes from the Greek and means "true nucleus." Eukaryotic cells have a double membrane (the nuclear membrane)...

Chromosomes are microscopic units containing organized genetic information, located in the nuclei of diploid and haploid cells (e.g., human somatic and sex cells), and are also present in one-cell non-nucleated organisms (unicellular microorganisms)...

Chromosomes are microscopic units containing organized genetic information, eukaryotic chromosomes are located in the nuclei of diploid and haploid cells (e.g., human somatic and sex cells). Prokaryotic chromosomes are also present in one-cell...

A chromosome banding pattern is comprised of alternating light and dark stripes, or bands, that appear along its length after being stained with a dye. A unique banding pattern is used to identify each chromosome and to diagnose chromosomal...

The genetic material in plants, animals, and fungi is called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a long, linear polymer that is physically organized at the microscopic level into chromosomes. Chromosomes are threadlike cellular structures made up of...

The chromosomal theory of inheritance is the idea that genes, the units of heredity, are physical in nature and are found in the chromosomes. The theory arose at the turn of the twentieth century, and became one of the cornerstones of the modern...

Chromosome segregation refers to the coordinated movement of chromosomes to opposite poles of the cell during either cellular reproduction (mitosis) or the production of sex cells (meiosis). Chromosomes segregate along the spindle apparatus, a...

Chromosomes are microscopic units containing organized genetic information, located in the nuclei of diploid and haploid cells (e.g. human somatic and sex cells), and are also present in one-cell non-nucleated organisms (unicellular microorganisms),...

A chromosome map describes the order of genes and other markers, and the spacing between them on the chromosome. These maps are constructed with different levels of characterization and resolution. Physical mapping of a chromosome is obtained by...

The genetic material of microorganisms, be they prokaryotic or eukaryotic, is arranged in an organized fashion. The arrangement in both cases is referred to as a chromosome. The chromosomes of prokaryotic microorganisms are different from that of...

A chromosome consists of the body's genetic material, the deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, along with many kinds of protein. Chromosomes contain the genes, or segments of DNA, that encode for proteins of an individual. When a chromosome is structurally...

Chromosomes are thread-like bodies in the cell nucleus of all plants and animals that hold the genes--the blueprints of heredity. Each chromosome carries a single strand of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that threads together about 1,000 genes. Not much...

Chromosomes are thread-like bodies in the cell nucleus of all plants and animals that hold the genes--the blueprints of heredity. Each chromosome carries a single strand of DNA that threads together about 1,000 genes. Not much was known about...

Chromosomes are thread-like bodies in the cell nucleus of all plants and animals that hold the genes--the blueprints of heredity. Each chromosome carries a single strand of DNA that threads together about 1,000 genes. Not much was known about...

Human artificial chromosomes (HAC) are synthetic chromosomes that are structurally similar to normal chromosomes that, in addition to being artificially created, carry less non-gene related DNA. Because the type of genetic material used to construct...

Also known as cytogenetic mapping or genetic mapping, chromosome mapping is a technique used to locate particular characteristics (coded for by specific genes) on specific chromosomes and regions within those chromosomes. By knowing the location of...

Each pair of chromosomes in the eukaryotic cell contains a unique set of genes and thus the DNA sequence is also unique for each different chromosome pair. When chromosomes are condensed in metaphase, these differences in DNA content produce detectable...

During the S-phase of the cell cycle, DNA is replicated and each chromosome is present in a duplicated state with the two genetically identical chromatids joined together at the centromere. These two sister chromatids are readily apparent in late...

Microscopic, threadlike part of a cell that carries hereditary information in the form of genes. The structure and location of chromosomes differentiate prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells (&see; prokaryote, eukaryote). Every species has a...

Chromosomes are structures in the nucleus of the cell that contain the DNA or hereditary material which form genes. Genes are the commonly known units of heredity, and some may contribute to a tendency toward addiction in ways that are not yet...

Large molecules of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) contained within a CELL nucleus, which carry the genetic code necessary for the survival and reproduction of the organism. Bacterial cells have a single chromosome, while in more complex organisms each...

An individual structure within a cell comprised of a linear set of GENES. Chromosomes are arranged as a double helix structure. Not all life forms have the same numbers of chromosomes; humans have 23 pairs (22 pairs of AUTOSOMES and 1 pair of SEX...

A nuclear structure in eukaryotes that carries a portion of the genome. The human has 46 chromosomes per nucleus, 22 homologous pairs of autosomes, and 2 sex...

A length of DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA), tagged for ease of identification (usually with a fluorescent marker), which hybridises with its complementary region of a...

The unifying theory stating that inheritance patterns may be generally explained by assuming that genes are located in specific sites on...

Chromosomes are organized structures of DNA and proteins that are found in cells. Chromosomes contain a single continuous piece of DNA, which contains many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound...