Cone, James, "The Black Church and Black Power," in The Black Church in America, edited by Hart M. Nelsen, Raytha L. Yokley and Anne K. Nelsen, New York: Basic Books, 1971, pp. 335-55.

Cone makes the case that what appeared to be long­ing for the afterlife in spirituals was actually a covert way talking about freedom in this life.

Harper's Bible Dictionary, edited by Paul G. Achtemeier, San Francisco: Harper and Row, 1985, pp. 604-5.

This source gives the historical and biblical signifi­cance of the River Jordan.

Meier, August, and Elliott Rudwick, From Plantation to Ghetto, third edition, New York: Hill and Wang, 1976.

The explanation of slave life here is interesting in that it puts American slavery into a broad context of other slave countries.

Shaw, Arnold, Black Popular Music in America, New York: Schirmer's Books, 1986.

Shaw's first chapter begins with black music being...