Sex

Sex symbolizes violence and emotional dependency in the novel. Sex is seen in the novel as a method of violence to be used to victimize women as well as a method of cementing the foundation of a relationship. Claire remembers that she had sex with Paul on their first date because she did not see the reason to wait if she knew she wanted to be with him, as well as wanting him to see her as a potential girlfriend and wife.

Intimacy

Intimacy symbolizes heightened emotional connection not necessarily connected to sexual interaction in the novel. When Claire and Lydia reunite after nearly two decades of estrangement, they experience such a visceral reaction to each other's presence.

Youth

Youth symbolises a lack of knowledge as well as a desire to explore the world in the novel. When Sam writes to Julia, he emphasises that despite...