Looking Backward: 2000-1887 Chapter Summary & Analysis - Chapter 12 Summary

Chapter 12 Summary

Grappling with a vastly different way of life than he has known before, Julian continues to question Dr. Leete about the army of industry that drives the nation. He does not understand how workers are motivated if their income and survival is guaranteed. Dr. Leete explains that the system of workers still has incentives in place. The best workers and leaders of the nation have proven themselves by working up through the common laborer system and then through various grades and classes. There are three grades for each work group, with the first grade going to those who have the highest ability and the best individual work records from their apprenticeship. Those receiving the highest grade have the first choice at electing a specialty profession. Those receiving third grade classification often have to take their second or third choice at a specialty. Another incentive is the insignia worn on workers'...
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