Chapter VII (515-527) Summary and Analysis

Citizens only can be improved when they are cared for and benefit from such care. Those that are governed unjustly become unjust. Justice involves gentleness, and good politicians should encourage self-improvement among citizens. Socrates accuses Callicles of being unfair when praising politicians who supply wine, food, and who satisfy desires while failing to notice faults, such as lack of self-control or justice. When the effects of such treatment will be apparent, those that are in the vicinity will be blamed. People sometimes complain wrongly about harsh treatments they receive from politicians when they deliver beneficial things.

Socrates claims to be one of the few in Athens that is engaged in true politics and is practicing it. His discussions are not meant to gratify, but to do good and not just be pleasant. He engages no rhetorical tricks...