Chapter 15, Cicero's Civil War, Against Marc Antony, January—April, 43 B.C., Chapter 16, Death at the Seaside, The End of the Republic, April—November, 43 B.C., Chapter 17, Postmortems Summary and Analysis

Cicero's fifth Philippic argued that the attempts by the new Consuls to negotiate with Antony failed to recognize his aggressive intentions. He also fought for increased power for Octavian, though Octavian was still in a weak position leading his father's legions, because they were of divided loyalties. Yet Cicero's support helped. Cicero had become the guiding power behind the government. Many authorities informed Cicero of their activities. Cicero's next two Philippics continued to press against compromise with Antony. Towards the end of January, however, Antony...