Summary

The spirit of rational inquiry borne of the Scientific Revolution spread into Western thought resulting in a movement known as the Enlightenment. Great minds turned from the wisdom of the ancients toward the possibility of new ideas and approaches. Old World limitations were expanded and former authorities for philosophy, politics and religion were exchanged for tolerance, criticism and freedom of thought. A new drink called coffee was introduced in the 17th century and became popular because it was thought to provide the mind with sharpness and clarity. It became the favorite drink of European scientists and intellectuals. Coffee was a safe alternative to alcohol and an antidote for inebriation. It symbolized the revolt against the Old World. Wine, beer and whiskey had been discovered by the ancients. Coffee belonged to the modern world.

Coffee originated in the Arab...