Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (Huang Hai), the shallow gulf between China and Korea, is 870 kilometers long from the south to the north and 556 kilometers wide from the east to the west and covers an area of 378,600 square kilometers. The northern part comprises the inlet of Bohai Bay in the northwest, which is almost enclosed by the Liaodong Peninsula in the northeast, the Shandong Peninsula in the south, and the Korea Bay in the northeast. The southern part of the Yellow Sea borders on the Shandong Peninsula in the north and the Chinese mainland in the west and meets the East China Sea where the Chang (Yangtze) River flows into the sea. In the east, it borders on Korea and the Korea Strait. The Yellow Sea, which has received its name from the yellowish silt deposited mainly by the Huang (Yellow) River, has a warm temperate climate. With an average depth of about forty meters, it is one of China's best fishing grounds.
The entire Yellow Sea, and especially its coastal regions, is presently being overexploited by Chinese, Vietnamese, Korean, and Japanese fishing vessels, and the environmental problems are critical. Important ports and fishing bases on the Chinese coast are Qingdao and Yantai in Shandong Province and Dalian on the Liaodong Peninsula in Liaoning Province. Bohai Bay in the northwest has been the traditional location for salt-works. Large offshore petroleum deposits have been discovered there, and a number of oil refineries have been set up.
Further Reading
Choi, B. H. (1980) A Tidal Model of the Yellow Sea and the Eastern China Sea. Seoul: KORDI Report.
Chough, Sung Kwun, Homa J. Lee, and S. H. Yoon. (2000) Marine Geology of Korean Seas. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Ichiye, Takashi, ed. (1986) Japan, East China, and Yellow Sea Studies. Oxford: Pergamon.
Jin, Xianshi. (1996) Variations in Fish Community Structure and Ecology of Major Species in the Yellow/Bohai Sea. Bergen, Norway: Universitetet i Bergen.
Morgan, Joseph, and Mark J. Valencia, eds. (1992) Atlas for Marine Policy in East Asian Seas. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.
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