Transaction-Generated Information and Data Mining
The term transactional information was first employed by David Burnham (1983) to describe a new category of information produced by tracking and recording individual interactions with computer systems. Unlike most human interactions, those processed by computer systems are easily recorded and aggregated to yield knowledge about individual behaviors that would have otherwise been more difficult to acquire and often less complete. Known as transactional-generated information (TGI), it is information acquired from commercial and noncommercial transactions involving individuals in many increasingly computerized day-to-day activities. Examples of commercial transactions include withdrawing money from an ATM machine or credit-card shopping; examples of noncommercial transactions include checking books out of a library or participating in an online educational program. TGI can be contrasted with but does not exclude more traditional information such as a person's age, place of birth, education, work history, and so forth.
The Special Character of Tgi
The practice of collecting information about persons is hardly new. Governments have collected census data since the Roman era. But through the twentieth century, the few records that existed about individuals contained information about when and where they were born, married, worked, or owned property. Information about the day-to-day transactions of individuals was rarely, if ever, collected and stored.
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