Alexandre Dumas was born in a small village in France in 1802, the son of General Alexandre Dumas, Napoleon's famous mulatto general. The younger Dumas led a life almost as romantic as his novels; he took part in the Revolution of 1830, fought several duels in the course of his life, and fled creditors in France after his excessive spending exhausted his financial resources. Elements of The Count of Monte Cristo seem to be drawn from Dumas's own background, working to bring the novel to life.
The rise and fall of Napoleon. Napoleon Bonaparte was born on Corsica, a French island off the west coast of Italy, in 1769. After receiving an education in French military schools, Napoleon became an artillery officer in the French army and eventually climbed the ranks to the position of general. Achieving military victories in Italy and Egypt, Napoleon returned to France in 1799 and used his immense popularity to seize control of the nation from the Directory, a government body that had held power since 1795. In 1804 Napoleon had himself proclaimed Emperor of France and began making plans for a massive invasion of England.
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