Romania
POPULATION 22,317,730
ORTHODOX CHURCH 86.7 percent
ROMAN CATHOLIC 4.7 percent
REFORMED 3.2 percent
PENTECOSTAL 1.5 percent
GREEK CATHOLIC 0.9 percent
BAPTIST 0.6 percent
SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST 0.4 percent
UNITARIAN 0.3 percent
MUSLIM 0.3 percent
CHRISTIAN OF OLD RITE 0.2 percent
CHRISTIAN ACCORDING TO THE GOSPELS 0.2 percent
OTHER 1.0 percent
Country Overview
Introduction
Romania is situated on the Balkan Peninsula. The country is bounded by Ukraine, Moldova, Hungary, Serbia, Bulgaria, and the Black Sea. Christianity was established in the present Romanian territory from the third century C.E.
The church is considered by some to have been the most important cultural institution and a key factor in preserving the national identity even when different parts of Romanian lands were subsequently under Ottoman, Polish, Habsburg, and Russian suzerainty. In Transylvania, Habsburg domination replaced Ottoman suzerainty at the end of the seventeenth century, and part of the Romanian population accepted unification with the Roman Catholic Church.
The Romanian principalities of Moldavia and Walachia united in 1859, and according to the constitution of 1866, Romania was declared the official name of the country. Independence was declared in 1877, with Romania becoming a kingdom in 1881, although the union of all Romanian territories was achieved only in 1918. At that time the Orthodox Church and the Greek Catholic Church were considered national churches.
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