1860–1899 ∼ Victorian Ideals
Self control and restraint, moderation or abstinence are expected / Vice societies monitor moral behavior (1860–1899) / Approximately one in fifty marriages ends in divorce (1860) / Comstock Law prohibits possessing any book, pamphlet, paper, writing, advertisement, circular, print, picture or drawing of an immoral nature (1873) / Congressional legislation prohibits the transport of any lottery material across state lines (1895)
MILESTONES: Civil War (1860–1864) • American expansion westward (1870s–1880s) • Industrial revolution • Indians moved to reservations (1890s) • American imperialism (1890s) • Spanish American War (1898) • X-rays discovered (1895)
1900–1919 ∼ Progressive Era
Queen Victoria dies, ending the Victorian era; Edwardian era begins (1901) / Size of middle class families falls by half, from an average of seven or eight children per couple in 1800 to about four children per couple in 1900 / Significant segment of the American population considers gambling a sin (1900) / U.S. Census Bureau reports the divorce rate at one in fifteen marriages (1906) / Mann Act prohibits transporting women across state lines for immoral purposes (1911) / Margaret Sanger risks arrest by opening up birth control clinics and importing and distributing contraceptives illegally (1914) / First pornographic film, A Free Ride, released (1915) / Secretary of War Newton D.
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