Long March
The Chinese Communists' six-thousand-mile journey of retreat (1934–1935) across such provinces as Hunan, Guangxi, Guizhou, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Shaanxi has been glorified by the leaders of the Communist Party of China (CCP) as the "Long March." As a result of the retreat, the Communist revolutionary base was relocated from southeast to northwest China, an area beyond the control of the Nationalist troops under Chiang Kai-shek (1887–1975), leader of the Guomindang (Nationalist Party). Historians have considered the march a milestone in the history of modern China—the point at which the Chinese Communist movement started to forge its own path, independent of Comintern control, and the time that Mao Zedong (1893–1976) became the undisputed leader of the CCP. (Comintern, an association of national Communist parties foundedin 1919 for the stated purpose of promoting world revolution, actually worked like an agent of the Soviet Union to control the international Communist movement, including the CCP.)
The Formation of the Soviet in Jiangxi Province
The CCP was founded in the early 1920s. In 1924, the Guomindang agreed to form a "united front" (alliance) with the CCP in return for Soviet aid. But in 1927, after the Guomindang experienced some success in its expedition against warlords in the north, a bloody purge was carried out against all Communists in areas under the Guomindang's control.
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