Learned Helplessness - Research Article from Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence

This encyclopedia article consists of approximately 3 pages of information about Learned Helplessness.

Learned Helplessness - Research Article from Encyclopedia of Childhood and Adolescence

This encyclopedia article consists of approximately 3 pages of information about Learned Helplessness.
This section contains 713 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
Buy the Learned Helplessness Encyclopedia Article

An apathetic attitude stemming from the conviction that one's actions do not have the power to affect one's situation.

The concept of learned helplessness was developed in the 1960s and 1970s by Martin Seligman (1942- ) at the University of Pennsylvania. He found that animals receiving electric shocks, which they had no ability to prevent or avoid, were unable to act in subsequent situations where avoidance or escape was possible. Extending the ramifications of these findings to humans, Seligman and his colleagues found that human motivation to initiate responses is also undermined by a lack of control over one's surroundings. Further research has shown that learned helplessness disrupts normal development and learning and leads to emotional disturbances, especially depression.

Learned helplessness in humans can begin very early in life if infants see no correlation between actions and their outcome. Institutionalized infants, as well as those suffering from...

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This section contains 713 words
(approx. 3 pages at 300 words per page)
Buy the Learned Helplessness Encyclopedia Article
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Learned Helplessness from Gale. ©2005-2006 Thomson Gale, a part of the Thomson Corporation. All rights reserved.