Japan Communist Party
The Japan Communist Party (JCP) was founded 15 July 1922, with the encouragement and financial support of the Soviet Union. Throughout most of its history, the JCP has had a close ideological connection with, and taken its lead from, Moscow. Because the party has not identified with the goals and symbols of Japanese nationalism, it has been marginalized as a political force.
Historically, the JCP has been divided between advocates of peaceful coexistence and those favoring violent revolution. The latter ideology has gone out of fashion and now has few advocates. The party has vigorously opposed Japan's rearmament and its security alliance with the United States.
The JCP contests more seats in the general elections than it could possibly hope to win because it sees its mission as one of educating the public and raising political awareness. Communism has been popular among students and intellectuals, especially with respect to the peace movement.
The Japanese Communists were embarrassed first by the excesses of the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) in China, then by the demise of the Soviet Union. Today, the JCP does not favor the model of the Communist state. Instead it limits its activities to speaking out on peace issues and against social inequities.
Further Reading
Hayes, Louis D. (2001) Introduction to Japanese Politics. 3d ed. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe.
Hrebenar, Ronald J. (2000) Japan's New Party System. 3d ed. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
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