Industry—West Asia
Industry is a fundamental economic sector for West Asian nations (Iran, Iraq, and Turkey) nowadays. Since the end of the 1980s, the main sources of industrial growth in the region are local and foreign investments and the dynamism of the private sector. In the 1990s, industry contributed between 25 and 35 percent to the gross national product (GNP) of the West Asian nations and employed approximately 25 percent of their labor forces.
Industrial Resources
West Asia has a wide range of mineral resources. Petroleum is the most important subterranean asset, found in large amounts in Iran and Iraq. These two nations are among the main producers and exporters of oil in the world. The remaining oil reserves of Iraq and Iran are estimated at 126 and 108 billion barrels, respectively. With Russia, Iran has the world's largest reserves of natural gas. Turkey has no known extensive petroleum resources, but it has large deposits of high-grade bituminous coal, which lies along the Black Sea coast, with Zonguldak as the chief mining center. Poor-quality coal is found in various locations in West Asia.
West Asia's ores are associated predominantly with the geologic fold of the Taurus and Elburz Mountains.
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