Born c. 1540,
Devonshire, England
Died January 28, 1596,
At sea, off Portobelo, Panama
Sir Francis Drake was one of the world’s greatest seamen. He was known for his religious fervor and his audacity, courage, and patriotism. Even his avowed enemies envied his abilities. The first Englishman to sail around the world, Drake also played an important role in defeating the Spanish Armada. He is credited with establishing England as the world’s major maritime power during his time, an advantage that propelled the country into an unparalleled era of expansion and prosperity.
Drake rose from obscurity to become a national hero. He was born in Devonshire on an estate belonging to Lord Francis Russell. His father was a small farmer and a passionately religious Protestant minister. The elder Drake’s views, along with local religious unrest, had a profound effect in shaping the young boy’s character. Drake grew to detest Catholicism and particularly the Catholic country of Spain.
Religion played an important role in all facets of European life in the sixteenth century. People lived, died, and were judged by the Church. England, however, had broken away from the Roman Catholic church in the 1530s, when King Henry VIII divorced his first wife, Catherine of Aragon, against the wishes of the pope and then established the Church of England.
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