Facsimile Reproduction
Facsimile reproduction means making an exact copy of anything imprinted on paper by using electronic devices such as copiers, fax machines, and scanners. Material may be reproduced electronically on a computer's monitor (soft copy), or reproduced on paper (hard copy). In reproducing information either electronically or on paper, one wants a quality copy that will be acceptable for the task at hand.
Historical Perspective
The first method used to make a printed copy was carbon paper. Although a Britain named J. W. Swan invented carbon tissue paper coated with gelatin about 1862, it didn't come into general use for office work until the mid-1920s. It provided a somewhat less than perfect copy of typed material. At that time one could choose between very messy carbon paper that made several copies or single-use carbon paper that was much easier to use. The first reverberations of the death knell for carbon paper occurred in 1937 when Chester Carlson invented the xerography process of duplication.
In the late 1890s the mimeograph machine began to be used to produce copies. This process involved typing on a lightly oiled surface called a "master," which involved retyping a preexisting original—a very time-consuming process.
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