On the eve of World War I, white Americans doubted many things about Indians living in their midst—their loyalty to the United States, their viability as citizens, even their right to landholdings and reservations. But few Americans of any color doubted the adeptness of Indians as warriors. From colonial times, Indians proved capable in warfare; Indian troops served in both armies of the Civil War, and during the Spanish-American War, the Philippine Insurrection, and the 1916 U.S. incursion into Mexico. Thus when the United States entered World War I in 1917, Indians naturally became one source of manpower for the American war machine. Having served well in one world war, Indians found themselves called to serve again when the United States entered World War II in 1941. Indian participation in these two wars...