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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Schopenhauer say is the first law of sexual attraction?
(a) physical beauty
(b) availability
(c) monetary security
(d) fitness to procreate

2. What are the second and third volumes of Spencer's work in 1872?
(a) The Evolution of Species
(b) The Evolution of Thought
(c) The Evolution of Science
(d) The Evolution of Life

3. What is a critical analysis of knowledge that is independent of all sense experience?
(a) Kant's Letters to Philosophers
(b) Kant's Whole History of Thought
(c) Kant's The Critique of Pure Reason
(d) Kant's The Return to Common Sense

4. What effect does Immanuel Kant's work have when it is published in 1781?
(a) saves religion from extinction
(b) defies scientific logic
(c) does away with the need for philosophy
(d) shocks and upsets the philosophic world

5. What does Kant set out to prove is innate and does not come from experience?
(a) directional sense
(b) moral sense
(c) religious sense
(d) common sense

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Kant say divides man into sects that does not join them together?

2. Who is a contemporary of Kant's who writes so as to confound, confuse and attract disciples at the same time?

3. As Russell visits China, he develops new perspectives and better understanding of a profounder culture to what effect?

4. In what work does Spencer freely express his best ideas with suggestive generalization and political philosophy?

5. What does the publisher of Schopenhauer's book eventually tell him?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Spencer see his fame?

2. Describe Schopenhauer's views of youth and old age.

3. How does Schopenhauer's philosophy sound like modern merchandising?

4. What does Nietzsche's first and only completed book prove?

5. Describe Kant's sequential order of knowledge leading up to an organized life.

6. Describe the two periods of Bertram Russell's philosophical life.

7. Define the contrast between Bergson and Croce.

8. Define the difference between the study of science and the study of social studies and political affairs.

9. How does Kant's work ironically work against his stated aim?

10. How does Kant respond after reading Berkeley, Hume, and Rousseau?

(see the answer keys)

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