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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. With regard to music, Punks prefer which of the following rather than technique?
(a) Desire to master technique.
(b) Enjoyment.
(c) Chaos.
(d) Acceptance.

2. The Teddy Boys of 1950's utilize aspects from what era to incorporate into their belief system?
(a) Early America.
(b) The Vietnam Era.
(c) The Colonial Period.
(d) Edwardian.

3. What does Hebdige define as "a systemic, material language in which objects can be combined in infinite ways to produce meaning"?
(a) Subculture.
(b) Traditions.
(c) Science of the concrete.
(d) Aesthetic.

4. What happens to style when it is no longer associated with a subculture?
(a) It becomes solidified.
(b) It becomes codified.
(c) It becomes commodified.
(d) It becomes modified.

5. What types of clothing do Punkers generally like to wear?
(a) Symbols of education.
(b) Symbols of religion.
(c) Symbols of world peace.
(d) Symbols of sex.

6. Of the following, who said, "Style, as a form of articulation, cannot be understood outside of the context in which it is intended"?
(a) Genet.
(b) Barthes.
(c) Sigmund Freud.
(d) Karl Marx.

7. With regard to viewing style as an art form, who's opinion does Hebdige quote?
(a) Nuttal.
(b) Freud.
(c) Marx.
(d) Churchill.

8. In Chapter 6, how does Hebdige describe the idea of subcultures?
(a) As cultural noise.
(b) As a cultural necessity.
(c) As a cultural no-no.
(d) As a cultural nuisance.

9. Hebdige says that Genet transformed from individual into what?
(a) Realm of revolution.
(b) Brotherhood.
(c) Group.
(d) Spirit.

10. Which of the following is a dance style associated with the Punk subculture?
(a) Break dancing.
(b) Waltz.
(c) Pogo.
(d) Salsa.

11. In order to promote their value of masculinity, which of the following do Skinheads use?
(a) Afros.
(b) Suspenders.
(c) Braces.
(d) Denim.

12. In Chapter 8, What does Hebdige say about subcultures?
(a) They do NOT serve as alternatives to parent cultures.
(b) They are NOT lawless forms.
(c) They are lawless forms.
(d) They are destructive.

13. In Chapter 7, Hebdige focuses on something and how it affects the definition of a subculture. What is it that he focuses on?
(a) Socioeconomical status.
(b) Religious preference.
(c) Style.
(d) Level of education.

14. Which of the following is a value held dear by the Skinheads?
(a) Hardness.
(b) Upper class.
(c) Generosity.
(d) Softness.

15. What does Hebdige say about the idea of language?
(a) It has been deactivated.
(b) It is active.
(c) It cannot be deactivated.
(d) It is inactive.

Short Answer Questions

1. Of the following, who does Hebdige say finds value in everything except for those things "signified by the hollow men of mass culture"?

2. Nuttal says that rocket jackets posses which of the following powers?

3. In which of the following ways, do Punks communicate language?

4. Hebdige states that which individual "fears that experience may fall prey to mythology, defined into non-existence"?

5. What does George Jackson complain about?

(see the answer keys)

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