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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What events caused France to become a united nation?
(a) The formation of the United States of America.
(b) The politicians and actions by Germany.
(c) The country's invasion by foreigners.
(d) The French Revolution.

2. What disadvantage can the use of "picked troops" offset?
(a) Lack of training.
(b) Rough terrain.
(c) Enemy fortifications.
(d) Inferior numbers.

3. What was the state of most armies in William of Normandy's time and region?
(a) They were mostly composed of mercenaries.
(b) They contained almost exclusively cavalry.
(c) They were mostly poor villagers.
(d) They were standing, professional armies.

4. What do skilled leaders almost always do when they are at a disadvantage?
(a) Gather intelligence.
(b) Arrange for reinforcements.
(c) Select "picked troops."
(d) Avoid confrontation.

5. What major advantage does the use of locomotives in warfare convey?
(a) Availability of artillery.
(b) Improved communications.
(c) Force multipliers.
(d) Mobility.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to the indirect method, which of the following routes should be taken in order to engage the enemy?

2. The Germanic Vandals in North Africa depended on what activity for their wealth?

3. Compared to normal military strategies, indirect strategies strive to achieve what goal?

4. Marlborough was notable for his use of what stratagems?

5. What two major elements of martial skill were combined successfully in Europe in the medieval era?

Short Essay Questions

1. Explain the author's opinion on Sun Tzu's quotation about deception in warfare.

2. What is the relationship between grand strategy and long-lasting gains?

3. Describe the effect of the locomotive on the American Civil War.

4. What was the Persian strategy in their first attack against Athens?

5. How did the large size of the Persian army in the second Greek and Persian war cause problems for the Persians?

6. What factors led to Greek victory in the first war between Greece and Persia?

7. What is a "natural line of expectation"?

8. Describe the changes that took place in France that led to Napoleon becoming ruler of that nation.

9. What was Cromwell's strategy as he moved to engage the Scottish?

10. What was Marlborough's style of generalship and why was he not able to fully employ it?

(see the answer keys)

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