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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What might the older generation, as suggested by Erikson, use youth's need for joining to satisfy?

2. In terms of Erikson's theory of identity development, what is one notion that youth resist?

3. What elements of Erikson's theory must be balanced in order to avoid obsessiveness and relativism?

4. According to Erikson's theory, what is psychologically different between males and females?

5. Who does Erikson suggest black be integrated with?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Erikson think is different about the male and female focus of identity?

2. What is Erikson state that it is difficult for black mothers to push their children to be educated?

3. Why does Erikson feel it is important to have a clear identity when one has numerous options for identity available?

4. What aspects are involved in defining the ego?

5. What is the difference between the Ego and "I"?

6. What role does the psychoanalyst play in helping an individual in terms of developing identity according to the theory set forth by Erikson?

7. Why does Erikson believe political underground groups often target youth?

8. What is Erikson state that is so difficult for black youth to find their identity?

9. In referring to Erikson's theory of racial identity development, how are the negative self images of minorities unintentionally reinforced by the majority?

10. What are the characteristics of youth leaders, in terms of Erikson's theory?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The Erikson discusses that identity development of women. Outline the history of women's identity that has resulted in the current collective identity of women. Begin from that late 18th century and go to the present.

Essay Topic 2

Erikson suggests that wholeness generates basic trust; however, the notion of a totalitarian state suggests indoctrination and control. Discuss how these two concepts wholeness and a totalitarian state coexist as means for the ultimate identity development. Use information from the book to support human characteristics that serve to allow a totalitarian as well as Erickson's notion that the totalitarian state is the state to end all states.

Essay Topic 3

Erikson's discussion on the differences of identity between youth today and those of 20 years ago focuses on the fact that today's youth may suffer more identity crisis than those of the past. Provide evidence from the reading that support this theory. Based on the reading, what factors do you feel play a major role in today's youth being unable to effectively form a positive self identity? Explain your answer.

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