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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What happens if a disproportionate amount of justification is presented in a story?
(a) The reader will not expect the things that the author will deliver.
(b) The reader will not understand the things that the author will deliver.
(c) The reader will expect things that the author will not deliver.
(d) The reader will not understand why the author has not delivered anything.

2. What will the writer have with more important characters and changes?
(a) More of a need to explain the transformation.
(b) Less of a need to explain the transformation.
(c) Less time to explain the transformation.
(d) More time to explain the transformation.

3. What does the term, "downplaying", refer to in comedy?
(a) Making less of a triumph instead of more.
(b) Making less of a setback instead of more.
(c) Making more of a triumph instead of less.
(d) Making more of a setback instead of less.

4. Which one of the following is an example listed in Chapter 12 of a transformation causing consequence that is beyond a character's control?
(a) Animalistic nature.
(b) Arrogance.
(c) Gullibility.
(d) Lack of intelligence.

5. According to the author in Chapter 13, what is the writer's responsibility?
(a) To say things in an evocative, yet not necessarily clear way.
(b) To say things in a clear, yet not necessarily evocative way.
(c) None of the answers is correct.
(d) To say things in a clear and evocative way.

6. How does the author describe the world created in a first person narrative in Chapter 16?
(a) Familiar and logical.
(b) Strange and twisted.
(c) Strange in an unreasonable way.
(d) Strange in a reasonable way.

7. What type of attitude should a character have with reference to events?
(a) Inconsistent and changing.
(b) Consistent and unchanging.
(c) Vaguely defined.
(d) Clearly defined.

8. Why do some readers interpret a change in a character that was not written to change?
(a) The author did not understand the character when writing it.
(b) The reader did not understand the plot.
(c) The author did not understand the reader.
(d) The reader did not understand the character when reading about it.

9. How can changes in people be perceived by others?
(a) They will never understand it.
(b) They might not want to understand it.
(c) They might not understand it.
(d) They will always understand it.

10. What do third person narratives transcend?
(a) Understanding, but not awareness.
(b) Awareness and understanding.
(c) Awareness, but not understanding.
(d) Neither awareness nor understanding.

11. Which type of narrative is most often used when writing from a Presentation perspective?
(a) First person.
(b) First person or third person.
(c) First person or second person.
(d) Third person.

12. What is a Presentation perspective?
(a) A narrative that allows the reader to forget they are being told a story.
(b) A narrative that reminds the reader they are being told a story.
(c) A narrative that influences the reader how to respond to the story.
(d) A narrative that prevents the reader from responding to a story.

13. According to the author in the beginning of Chapter 12, what changes along with people?
(a) Their attitude.
(b) Their goals.
(c) Their situation.
(d) Their behavior.

14. What is "justification"?
(a) Presenting details around an action as it is occurring to explain that action.
(b) Presenting actions early in a narrative to explain future actions.
(c) Presenting details about a character to explain a past, present, or future event.
(d) Presenting actions at the end of a narrative to explain earlier actions.

15. Which series of novels by Robert Parker are listed as an example of characters that are influenced to change?
(a) Jesse Stone.
(b) Spenser.
(c) Philip Marlowe.
(d) Sunny Randall.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the result of a narrative that feels like an act of memory?

2. What exists to provide justification for unexplained changes?

3. According to the author in Chapter 10, what is comedy almost always about?

4. In general, how do people write in comparison to the way they speak?

5. What is an omniscient narrator?

(see the answer keys)

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