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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who envisioned an open global system of trade powered by envy and admiration of the wealthy?
(a) Henry Moore.
(b) Turgot.
(c) Adam Smith.
(d) Mitchell.

2. When did Diderot write Supplement to the Voyage of Bougainville?
(a) 1751.
(b) 1772.
(c) 1786.
(d) 1769.

3. What Swiss-French writer pointed out Napoleon's seduction?
(a) Madame de Stael.
(b) Giorgio Orelli.
(c) Spitteler.
(d) Bichsel.

4. What was Voltaire's father's occupation?
(a) Merchant.
(b) Tax collector.
(c) Lawyer.
(d) Ship's captain.

5. When did Santayana die?
(a) 1953.
(b) 1952.
(c) 1951.
(d) 1950.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the Prologue, when did an Italian poet occupy a town?

2. Who did Rousseau disagree with most violently?

3. What color uniform did Gabriele D'Annunzio design?

4. When did Francis Fukuyama believe that modernity is a freight train that cannot be derailed?

5. When did Rousseau inaugurate the modern revolt against modernity?

Short Essay Questions

1. In "Clearing a Space," what historical calamities undermined the idea of Western universalism?

2. In the Prologue, who was Gabriele D'Annunzio, and what was he know for?

3. In "Clearing a Space," whose ideas need to be understood and then dismantled?

4. In the Prologue, what view does the author say that the book takes of a universal crisis?

5. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," in Le Mondain, what did Voltaire tell people to do?

6. In the Prologue, what was the attitude and thought about the world after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?

7. In "Clearing a Space," what did Fukuyama and Zakaria have to say about Western civilization and world development?

8. In the Prologue, what was the ideological orthodoxy after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989?

9. In "Clearing a Space," who did Reinhold Niebuhr mock?

10. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," what was Montaigne's impression of moneymaking, and how did that idea change in the 18th century?

(see the answer keys)

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