In 1900 Dr. John Auer begins a decade of work with Dr. Samuel J. Meltzer on the use of artificial ventilation and anesthesia during surgical operations in which the chest is open.

In 1908 Dr. Sara Josephine Baker becomes head of the Division of Child Hygiene within the New York City Health Department. She remains in the post for fifteen years.

Orthopedic surgeon Edward Hickling Bradford convinces state authorities to open the Massachusetts Hospital School for Crippled Children in Canton in 1904.

Dr. Will Henry Chase helps establish Alaska's first medical society in 1906 and the future state's first hospital two years later.

In August 1909 Dr. Alfred Einstein Cohn, a specialist in cardiovascular diseases, brings the first electrocardiograph to the Western Hemisphere at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York City.

In 1906 Dr. Arthur Joseph Cramp organizes the American Medical Association's Bureau of Investigation to research fraud...