To produce different types of esters.

Introduction

Esters were made by mixing acids (sulfuric acid, glacial acid and salicylic acid) and alcohols (butanoic acid, methonoic acid and ethanol). Different esters were made by changing the alcohols and the acids.

Materials

• Safety glasses / gloves
• Large test tubes
• Electric hot plate
• 10ml measuring cylinder
• Glass stirring rod
• Retort stand with clamp
• 600/100 ml beakers
• Boiling chips
• Drop pipettes

• 18ml sulfuric acid
• Glacial acid
• Butanoic acid
• Methonoic acid
• Salicylic acid
• Ethanol

1. The water bath was set up by filling the 600ml beaker ¾ full and then was placed on the electric hot plate to be boiled.
2. Then 3mls of glacial acid was put in to one of the large test tubes.
3. Then 3mls of ethanol was also added to the same test tube
4. Then a pipette was used to add approximately 1ml of concentrated sulfuric acid to the test tube.
5. The mixture was stirred gently by using a glass rod and then a few boiling chips were added.
6. The test tube was the added to the 600ml beaker which had begun to boil
7. Twenty mls of water was added to the 100 ml beaker.
8. When the test tube was in the 600 ml beaker of boiling beaker for 5 minutes it was then removed and its contents was then poured into 20mls of water
9. The water/ester was carefully sniffed and then the results were recorded

Esters Smell

Ethyl Acetate Nail Polish remover

Ethyl Butanoate Kewi Fruit

Octhyl Ethanoate Shower power

Methyl Butanoate Strawberrys

Penthyl Ethanoate Bannanas

Ethyl Methanoate Evergreen