In the late 1800s, some workers became Socialists, which was the beginning idea of communism, to call for an end to free enterprise. Most workers on the other hand united to form labor unions, while still working inside the capitalist system. Although unions would fight for things like shorter workdays, better working conditions, and higher wages, they would never become successful until much later, when more rights were given to them.

The first ever labor union, called the National Trades Union, was open to workers from all crafts. This union only lasted for a few years after being destroyed by the panic and depression of 1837. In 1866, the National Labor Union was formed and it nominated a candidate for President. This union died out in a year though because it failed to survive a depression.

Another labor union that formed was The Knights of Labor, formed in 1869, which organized...