Gas Laws | Gas Laws

Boyle's law: pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume when temperature is constant. For example if the pressure slowly rises in a container, the volume will slowly drop. P = 1/V. Charles's Law: The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature when pressure is constant. For example if bread is heated up its volume will increase. V = T

EXPLAIN AN ISOTHERMAL PROCESS

An isothermal process is one where the temperature is constant. These processes are "slow" meaning that the gas is passed through pressure that vary at slow rate. Thus the internal energy of the gas doesn't change and the molecules aren't rapidly forced apart or closer resulting in the heat from the environment still taking affect on the gas. In this type of scenario, Boyle's law can be used.

EXPLAIN AN ADIABATIC PROCESS

An adiabatic process is one where the heat from the environment does not flow through the gas. These processes are "fast" meaning that the gas is passed through pressure that is manipulated at a fast rate. Thus the internal energy of the gas changes when entering into the new pressure and the molecules either separate or come closer causing fast changes in temperature.

PROVE BOYLE'S LAW IN AN EXPERIMENT USING MARSHMELLOWS

To prove Boyle's Law in an experiment, marshmallows can be used since their mostly made up of air. So if marshmallows are placed in a bell jar and air is removed from the jar, they expand. This is so because the pressure in the jar is decreasing, and according to Boyle's law, the volume of the air in the marshmallow increases causing them to swell. Boyle's law can be used, P=1/V

EXPLAIN WHICH TYPE OF FOOD EXPLODE IN MICROWAVES AND WHY"

Microwave popcorn expands and `explodes' because firstly of it structure. Its small spherical shape and dense surface results that the centre is heated first. And with the support of this formula, P=T (when volume is constant), pressure also proportionally builds up and steam is formed which cannot escapes the core of the corn. Therefore the rising pressure accumulates so much steam that it explodes the outer shell. Then as the pressure fades the volume expands causing any air bubbles in the popcorn to grow. Charles law is used, V=T (when pressure is constant) but swapped around to form, P=T (when volume is constant). Then once the popcorn has exploded you use this rule, P=1/V

HOW CAN YOU CREATE COLD AIR USING ONLY YOUR MOUTH"

When you purse you lips and blow out the air feels cold. This is because it is an adiabatic process - the air is traveling from a high pressured area (between the lips) to a low pressured area (outside of the lips). The reason why between the lips is a high pressured area is because a lot of air is being forced to go through such a small hole quickly whereas outside the lips the air is free and floating around. This forms cold air due to the molecules separating in the low pressure zone with no time for the environmental heat to take effect. In this type of scenario, P=T is used.

WHY CAN JETS FORM CLOUDS"

Supersonic jets can form ephemeral clouds when flying at high speeds. When the jet is flying fast the air pressure around it is so large that it shrinks the volume of air. This causes water vapor in the air molecules to compress rapidly and join forming a cloud. In this type of scenario, Boyle's law is used: P=1/V