The diplomatic strategy that had served the Indians well was now nonexistent. Britain won the American war in 1758, the Creeks and the Cherokees lost their ability to force concessions by turning to France or Spain. Cherokees attacked the Carolina and Virginia frontiers in 1760 because they were desperate and they wanted to retaliate for British atrocities. In 1760 Cherokees attacked Carolina and Virginia frontiers. Though the Indians were initially victorious, they were defeated the following year by British regulars and colonial militia. In the Ohio country, the Ottawas, Chippewas, and Potawatomis reacted angrily when Great Britain raised the price of trade goods and ended gift-giving traditional practices. Indians settler moved into the Monongahela and Susquehanna Valleys quickly. A shaman named Neolin urged Indians to oppose British entrance. Neolin, was a native leader who was very influential. He called for the unity of all...