On October 7, 1885, Niels Henrik David Bohr was born to Christian Bohr, a professor of Physiology and Copenhagen University, and Ellen Adler, the daughter of a Jewish politician. Niels and his younger brother Harald both were raised in an environment that encouraged and provoked their interests in math and science. Throughout his childhood, Niels was seen as a brilliant child, studying ahead of his class in nearly every subject. Shortly after graduating from Gammelholm Grammar School in 1903, Niels enrolled in Copenhagen University. For eight years, Bohr mentored under family friend and profound physicist Professor Christiansen, during which he won the Gold Medal for 1906 from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences for his analysis of surface tension by analyzing various water jets. In 1911, Bohr received his Doctorate for his thesis, Studies on the electron theory of metals. However, his theory was based on classical physics and failed to explain the...