While the Harlem Renaissance encouraged blacks to find their identity partly through rediscovering their past, Marcus Garvey took a somewhat more extreme position by encouraging African Americans to take pride in their heritage by participating in his organizations and the Back to Africa movement.  

   Many Black Americans moved into the urban areas between 1910 and 1920, a time of false affluence and joviality that followed the First World War.   Harlem was "throbbing, bubbling, [and] exciting,"(interview) it had transformed from a white neighborhood into a black metropolis and ultimately the cultural hub of the Black world.  

   Upon arriving to the United States in March of 1916 Garvey found "a large black population that was ready to listen to ideas about racial pride and self-improvement."(Lawler)

   But much to Marcus Garvey's dismay, upon arriving in America he also "saw what...