The woods.
The Habitable Earth Originally Wooded—General
Meteorological Influence of the Forest—Electrical
Action of Trees—Chemical Influence of Woods—Trees
as Protection against Malaria—Trees as Shelter
to Ground to the Leeward—Influence of the
Forest as Inorganic on Temperature—Thermometrical
Action of Trees as Organic—Total Influence
of the Forest on Temperature—Influence of
Forests as Inorganic on Humidity of Air and Earth—Influence
as Organic—Balance of Conflicting Influences—Influence
of Woods on Precipitation—Total Climatic
Action of the Forest—Influence of the Forest
on Humidity of Soil—The Forest in Winter—Summer
Rain, Importance of—Influence of the Forest
on the Flow of Springs—Influence of the
Forest on Inundations and Torrents—Destructive
Action of Torrents—Floods of the Ardeche—Excavation
by Torrents—Extinction of Torrents—Crushing
Force of Torrents—Transporting Power of
Water—The Po and its Deposits—Mountain
Slides—Forest as Protection against Avalanches—Minor
Uses of the Forest—Small Forest Plants and
Vitality of Seeds—Locusts do not Breed
in Forests—General Functions of Forest—General
Consequences of Destruction of—Due Proportion
of Woodland—Proportion of Woodland in European
Countries—Forests of Great Britain—Forests
of France—Forests of Italy—Forests
of Germany—Forests of United States—American
Forest Trees—European and American Forest
Trees Compared—The Forest does not furnish
Food for Man—First Removal of the Forest—Principal
Causes of Destruction of Forest—Destruction
and Protection of Forests by Governments—Royal
Forests and Game-laws—Effects of the French
Revolution—Increased Demand for Lumber—Effects
of Burning Forest—Floating of Timber—Restoration
of the Forest—Economy of the Forest—Forest
Legislation—Plantation of Forests In America—Financial
Results of
Forest Plantations—Instability of American
Life
The waters.
Land Artificially Won from the Waters—Great
Works of Material Improvement—Draining
of Lincolnshire Fens—Incursions of the Sea
in the Netherlands—Origin of Sea-dikes—Gain
and Loss of Land in the Netherlands—Marine
Deposits on the Coast of Netherlands—Draining
of Lake of Haarlem—Draining of the Zuiderzee—Geographical
Effects of—Improvements in the Netherlands—Ancient
Hydraulic Works—Draining of Lake Celano
by Prince Torlonia—Incidental Consequences
of Draining Lakes—Draining of Marshes—Agricultural
Draining—Meteorological Effects of Draining—Geographical
Effects of Draining—Geographical Effects
of Aqueducts and Canals—Antiquity of Irrigation—Irrigation
in Palestine, India, and Egypt—Irrigation
in Europe—Meteorological Effects of Irrigation—Water
withdrawn from Rivers for Irrigation—Injurious
Effects of Rice-culture—Salts Deposited
