291.  Portland stone colour

Mix umber, yellow ochre, and white lead.  The variety of shades of brown that may be obtained, are nearly as numerous as those of green.

292.  To imitate mahogany

Let the first coat of painting be white lead, the second orange, and the last burned umber or sienna; imitating the veins according to your taste and practice.

293.  To imitate WAINSCOAT

Let the first coat be white, the second half white and half yellow-ochre, and the third yellow-ochre only.  Shadow with umber or sienna.

294.  To imitate Satin wood

Take white for your first coating, light blue for the second, and dark blue or dark green for the third.

295.  Turner’s patent yellow paint

When sea-salt is made into a paste with litharge, it is decomposed, its acid unites with the litharge, and the soda is set free.  Hence Turner’s patent process for decomposing sea-salt, which consists in mixing two parts of the former with one of the latter, moistening and leaving them together for about twenty-four hours.  The product is then washed, filtered, and evaporated, by which soda is obtained.  A white substance is now left undissolved; it is a compound of muriatic acid and lead, which, when heated, changes its colour, and forms Turner’s yellow; a very beautiful colour, much in use among coach-painters.

296.  To paint in imitation of black walnut

Wash the surface of the wood with weak alum-water, after being well sand-papered; then go over it with linseed oil, coloured with murat amber and red lead.  It is better to have this colour rather light, and renew the application; when this has sufficiently dried, go over the surface with a strong sizing of transparent glue, and then use two castors of copal varnish.  Any good grained pine will bear a very close resemblance to walnut, and the surface will be nearly as hard.

NOTE

For mixing the foregoing paints it is impossible to lay down any particular rule as to quantity, as each person mixes them of a shade to suit his own taste.  They are mixed with oil and a little turpentine, and sometimes a little japan is added to assist in drying.  When they are not mixed in this way the particular mode is mentioned.

297.  Rules for making pickles

Select the best vinegar, for on this will depend the quality of your pickles; use glass bottles or stone jars for your pickles, never use earthenware glazed; use wooden knives and forks in making; leave the jars three-fourths full of the articles to be pickled; then fill the jar or bottle with vinegar.  If you add alum at all let it be very little; look your pickles over occasionally and remove any that may not be doing well.  Small cucumbers, beans, green plums, tomatoes, onions, and radish pods, may be used for assorted pickles; one red pepper for forty or fifty cucumbers is sufficient; if the vinegar on pickles becomes white or weak, take it out and scald and skim it, then return it to the pickles.